Abstract Background Timely and effective pre-hospital management of penetrating neck injuries (PNI) is critical to improve patient outcomes.Pre-hospital interventions in patients with PNI can be especially challenging due to the anatomical injury site coupled with a resource-limited environment.Nationally, in the United Kingdom, no consensus statem
Scaling up of insecticide treated nets has contributed to a substantial malaria decline.However, some malaria vectors, and most arbovirus vectors, bite outdoors and in the early evening.Therefore, topically applied insect repellents may provide crucial additional protection against mosquito-borne pathogens.Among topical repellents, DEET is the most
Abstract Background Phlebotomine sand flies are incriminated in the transmission of several human and veterinary pathogens.To elucidate their role as vectors, proper species identification is crucial.Since traditional morphological determination is based on minute and Swimwear often dubious characteristics on their head and genitalia, which require
Introduction: Patency installation of IV line is band resilience installation of good IV line of place location of insersion husk and also around installation location.Based on CDC ( Centers for Disease Control ) recommendation IV line replacement time is 72 hours ( 3 days ).In neonates, the replacement of the IV line often happened before the thir